Although asthma and COPD are usually distinct, there are some patients who show an overlap of features, which may be explained by the coincidence of two common diseases or distinct phenotypes of each disease. The subsequent cytokine-mediated inflammatory cascade, coupled with tractional lung injury, damages the lungs and may worsen several conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension. These differences account for the differences in clinical manifestations of asthma and COPD and their response to therapy. We suggest that the transient hypoxemia which occurs during REM sleep in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema could be explained by hypoventilation. In the early stages of emphysema, many people need to lose weight, while people with late-stage emphysema often need to gain weight. In this review, the inflammatory and cellular mechanisms of asthma and COPD are compared and the differences in inflammatory cells and profile of inflammatory mediators are highlighted. Youll also receive advice about proper nutrition. However, the nature and sites of the inflammation differ between these diseases, resulting in different pathology, clinical manifestations and response to therapy. healthy adults,14 and 12.3 in healthy children,15 so in general, diurnal. Patients with emphysema often complain of difficulty with initiating and maintaining sleep ( 3 ), and objective measurements have demonstrated increased sleep latency, decreased total sleep time, and an increased number of nocturnal arousals ( 1 4 ). Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) both cause airway obstruction and are associated with chronic inflammation of the airways. Diagnosis and initial treatment of asthma, COPD and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO).

Emphysema and nocturnal asthma